.. How do I translate the hieroglyphics on the wall?

Every inch of this tomb is covered with hieroglyphics. However, some sections can be translated; these bits will make Nancy's magnifying glass glow. There's one just to the right of the exit door from the main room of the tomb, for example.

Translating most of these pieces is a simple matter; just pick up the book marked "Dictionary" (which you took from Nancy's trunk) and click it on the hieroglyphic on the wall.

Most of these chunks of text are unimportant and can be ignored. Some, however, are more complicated --

-- being in some sort of code.

How do I solve these coded hieroglyphics?